Magister Iuris. Digital Journal of the Faculty of Law

Editorial

Patricia Daniela Lucio Espino — 2025-12-11

The end of the year is always intense. We try to stretch time as much as possible to finish strong. This semester, in particular, has been challenging, not only at the Faculty of Law but also at UNAM in general, with the violent events at CCH Sur. However, activities never stopped at our Faculty, so successfully completing the semester and the year is a real achievement.

The Editorial Coordination team ends 2025 satisfied with the changes and new forms of expression. We thank our dear readers, but above all, our talented writers who make it possible for each article and issue we publish to reflect the work of each of you.

I also thank the entire Editorial Coordination team for their commitment and dedication in finishing the year. To my entire team, THANK YOU! Without them, these journals could not reach the world of literature.

With this 27th issue of Magister Iuris, we conclude a year of new articles, which also represents the continuation of our ongoing work with this digital journal, a testament to the freedom of expression and multidisciplinary knowledge of our university community.

We wish you happy holidays, and we look forward to more articles next year!

Dr. Patricia Daniela Lucio Espino

THE EDITOR

The protection of the cultural rights of indigenous and Afro-Mexican peoples

Arely Celeste Fonseca Sánchez — 2025-12-11

Mexico constitutionally recognizes the multicultural nature of the nation; this cultural diversity is mainly expressed in the presence of more than 68 indigenous peoples and 23.2 million people who self-identify as indigenous, according to their identity. This research addresses concepts related to the cultural rights of indigenous peoples: using an analytical-exploratory methodo
logy, it identifies existing legislation at the international and national levels; using a qualitative method, it outlines legislative and institutional advances, legislative challenges or pending issues in order to provide adequate protection of cultural rights, as well as the need for legislation on consultation and the system provided for by law for the protection of cultural heritage.

Impact of the minimum academic degree on the effectiveness of governance

Juan De La Cruz Trejo — 2025-12-11

The minimum academic degree required to hold public office is undoubtedly a central issue in strengthening our institutions. Ensuring that public servants possess the necessary competencies not only enriches decision-making but also contributes to improving the quality of public policies. Within our legal framework, the Civil Service Professional Career Law represents a significant step forward; however, we must acknowledge that its implementation faces considerable challenges. The lack of uniformity in educational requirements across different levels of government limits the potential of our institutions. Therefore, it is essential to establish clear and homogeneous criteria, as well as to promote continuous training. Only through these measures can we build a more professional and efficient public service, capable of addressing the demands of a society that expects results and solutions.

The right to education: An achievable ideal for all?

Gonzalo Pérez Silos — 2025-12-11

Education continues to be seen as the main factor of social mobility, the higher the educational level the better the salary, it is also seen as a means to mitigate the existing violence in the country and, in the face of school dropouts, having as the main factor the socioeconomic problems of students, public policies have been implemented by the current government to provide resources universally to students at different academic levels and within public universities, policies are also implemented regarding scholarships at the high school and higher levels considering the academic average as the main criterion, but are these the best mechanisms to encourage entry, permanence and completion of any school level?

Analysis of the reform to Article 267 of the Civil Code for the Federal District regarding the custody of sentient beings in Mexico City

Emmanuel Alejandro Flores Arrieta — 2025-12-11

The recent reform to the Civil Code for the Federal District (now Mexico City) seeks to establish shared responsibilities for people seeking to dissolve their marriage and who have animals as part of their household. However, its wording appears to be a step backwards regarding animal rights, as it objectifies animals, in violation of the recognition of sentient status established in the Mexico City Constitution.

The tariff war and its repercussions. Do we really have no alternatives?

Omar Caporal Roldan — 2025-12-11

Since Mexico joined the GATT, the signing of trade agreements has been a cornerstone of its commercial relations, as through them we have been able to gain access to various benefits while also granting them to others. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), now known as the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), has immense potential. However, the words, threats, and actions of the current President of the United States have undermined the efforts made in previous negotiations. It will be the responsibility of the countries involved —Mexico, the United States, and Canada— to seek its continuity.