IMPACTO DE LA DESLOCALIZACIÓN EN LOS ENCADENAMIENTOS INDUSTRIALES INTERNOS DE MÉXICO
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
El objetivo de este trabajo es examinar, mediante un modelo panel de efectos fijos, el efecto de la deslocalización sobre los encadenamientos industriales internos, en 14 subsectores manufactureros de México durante el periodo 1995-2022. Los resultados principales indican que: 1) la integración a las cadenas globales de valor (CGV) tiende a fortalecer los eslabonamientos industriales, sin embargo, los parámetros son inelásticos; 2) la acumulación de capital tecnológico y humano, así como la inversión extranjera directa, generan un impacto positivo en el desarrollo de las redes de suministro interindustriales; 3) la evidencia es poco concluyente sobre la incidencia del crédito bancario en la profundización de los encadenamientos productivos internos. Una explicación de estas ganancias limitadas reside en las características de especialización productiva y comercial; por lo tanto, es necesario implementar una política industrial orientada a promover el ascenso dentro de las CGV hacia actividades de mayor complejidad productiva.
IMPACT OF OFFSHORING ON INTERNAL INDUSTRIAL LINKAGES IN MÉXICO
ABSTRACT
The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of offshoring on domestic industrial linkages in 14 manufacturing subsectors in Mexico during the period 1995-2022. The main results indicate that: 1) integration into global value chains (GVCs) tends to strengthen domestic industrial linkages; however, the estimated parameters are inelastic; 2) the accumulation of technological and human capital, as well as foreign direct investment, has a positive impact on the development of inter-industry supply networks; 3) the evidence regarding the effect of bank credit on the deepening of domestic productive linkages is inconclusive. One explanation for these limited gains lies in the characteristics of Mexico’s productive and trade specialization (outward-oriented industrialization). Therefore, it is necessary to implement an industrial policy aimed at promoting upgrading within GVCs toward activities of greater productive complexity.
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