Weighting of the Risk Factors for Diabetes mellitus type 2 in a Family Medicine Unit

Abstract

Objective: to describe the weighting of risk factors internationally reported in the  population of a Primary Care Unit (PCU) part of the Regional General Hospital (RGH) no. 32, of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS), in Minatitlán, Veracruz. Material and methods: observational, cross-sectional, descriptive and prospective type of study. Place of study: The Primary Care Unit of the Regional General Hospital no.32 of the IMSS in Minatitlan, Veracruz, Mexico. The study period: from November 15 to December 23, 2009. Survey Universe: not randomized sample of 200 patients from 18 to 65 years old, all of them beneficiaries of the IMSS, attached to Office number three of the morning shift. A questionnaire called “Identification of the risk factors for developing Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2)” was applied to the patients. Results: all participants of the study were between 25 to 39 years old. 146 were female (73%), 154 lived in an urban area (77%), 136 were married (68%), 108 were employees (54.5%), 92 had 8 hour working shift (45%), 91 had only elementary school studies (45.5%). The hip measure was 105.10cm. In the evaluation of family inherited background of chronic diseases, non-transmissible, it was noted that 122 patients inherited in first line (61%) for dm and 29 in second-line (14.5%). In the assessment of metabolic markers associated to obesity, levels of the Body Mass Index (BMI) showed that 117 patients had obesity (58.5%), 43 hypertriglyceridemia (21.5%), 42 overweight (21.0%), 34 high blood pressure (16.6%), 31 hypercholesterolemia (15.5%), 11 women with Polycystic ovary syndrome (6.5%) and 13 patients showed Acanthosis nigricans (5.5%). Conclusions: more than 50% of the surveyed patients have modifying risk factors such as, overweigh, sedentary lifestyle, bad eating habits; and not modifying risk factors such as hereditary in first line. Therefore, it should be promoted an immediate change of lifestyle of the patients and installed all the prevenimss programs in the studied population.