Underlying Factors of Suicidal Conception and Suicide Attempt in Adolescents Assigned to a Zone General Hospital in Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico

Abstract

Objective: to analyze the factors that predispose to suicidal conception and suicide attempt in adolescents assigned to the Family Medicine Area, of the General Hospital No. 2 of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (imss) in Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico. Methods: cross-sectional and analytical study carried out in 2014, in adolescents between 10 and 19 years of age. 400 adolescents were analyzed through the application of a structured instrument composed by 132 questions. Variables such as age, sex, type of family, addictions, family relations and communication were determined using validated scales as suicidal conception, Beck depression scale, University of California solitude scale, Rosemberg self-esteem evaluation and school violence. Results: 55.26% of the patients were female, 47.25% consumed alcohol, 22.5% has economic problems, 17.75% showed low self-esteem, and 10.25% suffered from bullying. The prevalence of suicidal behavior was 11.75% of which 10.5% was suicidal conceptions and 1.25% suicide attempt. Depression, economic problems, smoking, loneliness, low self-esteem and bullying were statistically associated with suicidal conception and were prevalent in the attempt suicide sub-group. Conclusions: depression, low self-esteem, smoking, economic problems and bullying are the main predisposing factors for suicidal conception, therefore it is important to diagnose it in time, in order to avoid suicide behaviors and other aggravating health problems.