Gastric Cancer (Stomach Cancer)

Abstract

Gastric cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in the world. It occupies the fifth place of malignant neoplasms. There is a decline in incidence and mortality due to the discovery of risk factors such as the presence of Helicobacter pylori or dietary associations, for example, excessive consumption of salt, processed meat, alcoholic beverages, among others. Most patients have an initial asymptomatic disease and show symptoms when they are in advanced stages. At present, the average diagnosis is about 69 years of age, the knowledge of adequate diagnosis and staging can be the difference between a survival of 66% to 5%. The screening method chosen is endoscopy, while the ideal treatment depends on the type of cancer and its staging. This may vary between resection, gastrectomy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or palliative medicine. A search in the databases of Pubmed, Cochrane, ebsco and Up to date was made, using bibliography in English language from the year 2012 onwards. The searched terms used were: etiology, risk factors, stomach cancer, epidemiology, treatment. We found a total of 306 articles. The selection criteria were: original articles, articles of no more than six years old, and articles updated in the treatment, epidemiology and staging, which had a relevant contribution to this research. After submitting these texts to the selection criteria, 33 articles were obtained.