Quaternary Prevention: towards a new Paradigm

Abstract

Through the field of prevention, it is intended to promote health and prevent disease. These actions are articulated in three levels of prevention: primary, before the disease appears; secondary, when the disease has already developed; and tertiary, the prevention of sequelae and disability. For some decades, and with the purpose of avoiding possible damage to health, by medical personnel, a fourth level has been added: quaternary prevention, which consists of the non-use of unnecessary medical intervention, which may cause more damage than benefit. This review addresses the definition of quaternary prevention, the interrelationship with the other levels of prevention, and facing major challenges in its implementation.