Clinical-Epidemiologic Characterization of Patients with Breast Cancer in a Family Medicine Unit

Abstract

Objective: analyze the clinical-epidemiological characterization of patients with breast cáncer in the Family Medicine Unit (umf) No. 9, of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (imss) in Acapulco, Mexico from 2018 to 2021. Methods: cross-sectional, descriptive, retrospective study which included 71 patients with a positive diagnosis of breast cancer, assigned to the FMU No. 9, in Acapulco, Mexico, from 2018 to 2021. The studied population was obtained from the Institutional Cancer Registry of the Epidemiology system; the source of information was the electronic clinical record, from which clinical-epidemiological information, mammography report, histopathological result, and clinical stage were collected. Descriptive statistics were performed using simple frequencies and percentages with the obtained data. Results: 46.4% (33/71) of breastcancer cases were registered in 2018. 32.4% were 61-70 years old, 98.6% were women, 42.3% were overweight, and 31.0% had type 2 diabetes mellitus (dm2). According to the bi-rads (b) classification, 38.0% presented a b4. Regarding the histopathological report, ductal carcinoma was the most common with 76.1% (54/71). Conclusions: a significant percentage of breast cancer was detected in patients who were overweight, and had type 2 diabetes mellitus, nearly 40% of the patients had lesions of intermediate suspicion of malignancy, while three quarters of the patients presented with ductal carcinoma. It is extremely important to strengthen the primary care level through health promotion, and encourage breast and clinical self-examination during the first medical contact to detect risk factors and clinical signs suggestive of the disease, which will reduce morbidity and mortality.