the DETERMINATION OF THE GENOTOXIC OR ANTIGENOTOXIC EFFECT OF AQUEOUS SEED EXTRACT OF Malus domestica, USING THE MICRONUCLEUS TEST ON Vicia Faba

Abstract

Malus domestica variety Red Delicious is a fruit belonging to the Rosaceae family, which has amygdalin, a cyanogenic glycoside, to which analgesic and antineoplastic properties are attributed. Amygdalin during its transformation by the metabolism of some living being releases cyanide, which is the cause of toxicity in the body. In the scientific literature, the chemical composition of the seed and other tissues of apples is reported as secondary metabolites identified as polyphenols, flavonoids, total phenols, and proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins), which are known to have antimutagenic activity. Based on these data, the present study focused on the importance of the mutagenic and antimutagenic effect of the extract of these seeds, on the meristematic roots of Vicia faba through the micronucleus assay test. Concluding that the aqueous extract of seeds of Red Delicious reduces the percentage of chromosomal damage caused by the alkylating effect of Ifosfamide on the meristematic cells of Vicia faba, it was also demonstrated that the chemical components of the seeds have cytotoxic properties, by reducing the percentage of cell division in all treatments.