Neuroanthropology. Elements for the construction of a theoretical framework

Abstract

The authors discuss the neuroanthropology as a relationship of biological evolution of the brain with the social and cultural conditions of human nature. They postulate the three evolutions of the brain, that of the central nervous system in the various species, the hypotheses of the accelerated development of the human brain, and the cultural evolution of the brain. Mention is made of the general bases of the evolution and structure of the brain because of social behaviour, including primates. The trends in the development of human behaviour are described, both in its reflexive base and as a response to the environmental conditions; the elementary movements complex proposed by Katona is also described, and consists in a set of behavioural manifestations that simultaneously prefigure future behaviours. They emphasize their role in the cognitive and emotional development. It is concluded that the brain created man and reciprocally the cultural evolution of the brain.