Technical Proposal on the Treatment of the Influent of the José Antonio Alzate dam Using Aerobic Pond System

Abstract

IN MÉXICO, DISCHARGE OF WASTE WATER NOT TREATED IS A COMMON PROBLEM; THIS IS THE CASE OF THE LERMA RIVER, WHERE THE ORIGINAL CLEAN WATER CONTRIBUTION OF THE ALMOLOYA-LERMA-SAN BARTOLO TIMBER-ROOF SYSTEM, LOCATED IN THE VALLEY OF TOLUCA, STATE OF MÉXICO, WAS REPLACED BY THE WASTEWATER OF THE VALLEY. THE ATTEMPTS TO CLEAN THE WATER BEFORE THEIR SPILL HAVE BEEN UNFRUITFUL AND THIS HAS CAUSED THE PRESENT ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS OF THE RIVER IN ITS ENTIRE ROUTE INCLUDING THE FIRST RECEIVING STAGE THAT IS THE JOSÉ ANTONIO ALZATE DAM (PJAA), BECOMING A POTENTIAL SOURCE OF DISEASES AND A USELESS WATER BODY. IN THIS WORK WE EVALUATE THE TREATMENT EFFICIENCY OF EXPERIMENTAL WASTE WATER POND SYSTEM. THE TREATMENT SYSTEM WAS CONSTRUCTED WITH 5 SCREENS WHICH FORMED 6 INTERNAL CHANNELS AND IT HAD AN OPERATION IN CONTINUOUS FORM BY 26 WEEKS, PROVIDING IT WITH CONTINUOUSLY POLLUTED WATER OF THE LERMA RIVER.WE FOUND THAT THE EFFICIENCY OF REDUCTION OF THE ORGANIC MATTER REPORTED AS BOD5 WAS 83% AND IT IS CARRIED OUT IN THE FIRST CHANNEL AFTER 7 DAYS OF HYDRAULIC RETENTION VERIFYING THAT THE CHANNELS DO NOT WORK LIKE LAGOONS IN SERIES.WITH THE COLLECTED DATA WE CALCULATED, THROUGH THE APPLICATION OF DESIGN EQUATIONS, THE FACTOR OF DECAY OF ORGANIC MATTER €œK"" AND THE NUMBER OF DISPERSION €œD"", SPECIFIC FOR THE TYPE OF TREATMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS OF THE SITE. THE REQUIRED SURFACE OF TREATMENT CALCULATED TO REACH THE EFFICIENCY OF REDUCTION OF THE BOD5 OBTAINED EXPERIMENTALLY. THUS, A SURFACE OF: 1 281.6 HECTARES DISTRIBUTED IN 13 LAGOONS THAT CAN DEAL WITH A VOLUME 8 646, 70 M3/H WAS DETERMINED. SINCE THIS WAS A BIGGER SURFACES THAN THAT OF THE DAM, THE AVAILABLE AREA WAS EVALUATED TO MAKE A PROPOSAL CLOSER TO REALLITY.