Learning of older adults with aged-related cognitive impairment using differential outcomes
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Abstract
The aim of this experiment was to study the differential outcome effect (DOE) in the learning of a conditional choice in older adults with aged- related cognitive impairment compared to young adults without memory problems. Participants learned a task where the presentation of a stimulus was followed after a delay of 2, 4, 8 and 16 seconds by two alternative of choice, they had to choose one of the alternatives and if they chose correctly they were reinforced. In the differential outcomes group (CD) every correct response to an alternative choice had a specific consequence, in the group of no differential consequences (ND) a correct choice response produced one type of outcome half of the time for each correct alternative. The results showed that participants in the CD group had a greater accuracy in learning the task despite of the delay and they showed a greater number of correct choices than the ND group participants. The older participants in the CD group showed a better learning during the task in a similar way to young adults. These results are consistent with the DOE literature and are similar to those observed by Savage et al. (1999) in young and old rats. This results demonstrated that DOE can improve the learning of organisms with memory problems related to age.
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Vila, J., Cortes Espinosa, S., Alvarado, A., & Overmier, B. (2011). Learning of older adults with aged-related cognitive impairment using differential outcomes. Journal of Behavior, Health & Social Issues, 2(2), 39–48. https://doi.org/10.22201/fesi.20070780.2010.2.2.26790
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