Transnational Religious Networks, Liberation Theology and Indigenist Pastoral in Mexico and Guatemala, 1968-1975

Abstract

Several authors have noted the role of transnational religious networks in the formation and dissemination of new theological and pastoral approaches. Observing the processes of relationship building, exchange and discussion between members of the Mexican and Guatemalan Catholic Church, this paper analyzes the way in which the “indigenous problem” was conceived, and in relation with it, the definition of “Indian”, and how based on these conceptions the pastoral action was thought and discussed. These processes of relationship building and exchange took place in a setting shaped by the confluences and divergences among indigenousness, Indianism and liberation theology. This interlocution demonstrated that different, and even divergent, pastoral programs were outlined. The “indigenous conscience” was the epicenter and common frontier for these programs.