Similitudes y diferencias entre salud en el trabajo y medicina del trabajo: objeto de estudio y construcción del conocimiento

Abstract

THESE TWO VERY RELATED DISCIPLINES HAVE A DIFFERENT OBJETIVE, SO KNOWLEGE BUILDING AND HISTORICAL EVOLUTION HAVE BEEN QUALITATIVELY DISTINCT. DURING THE TIME OF GALENO AND PLINO, THESE WAS A PREOCCUPATION TO LEAR MORE ABOUT THE SPECIFIC DISEASES OF TANNERS AND CHEMISTS AND TO ESTABLISH MEASURES AGAINST THE DAMANING EFFECTS OF LEAD DUST. LATER, IN THE XVI CENTURY, AGRICOLA AND PARACELSO INDENTIFIELD PULMONARY DISEASES AND LAID THE FOUNDATIONS OF TOXICOLOGY. IN THE XVII CENTURY, AN ITALIAN CALLED RAMMAZZINI WHOTE A BOOK ABOUT WORKERS ´DISEASES AND HE IS CONSIDERED TO BE THE FOUDER OF WORKERS HEALTH. IN THE XX CENTURY, THE INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF WORK SHOULD BE RECONIZED AS AN IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENT, AS SHOULD THE INITIATION OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM IN MEXICO IN 1943. THE OBJECT BEING STUDIED IN WORKERS HEALTH IS THE DISEASE, WHILST HEALT IN THE WORKPLACE FOCUSES ON THE PEARSON. IN ADDITION, THE EPIDEMIOLOGY THAT FORMS PART OF THE LATTER, IDENTIFIES RISKS AND ESTABLISHES PREVENTIVE MEASURES; WORKERS HEALTH IS SEE AS A COLLECTIVE PHENOMENON WHICH IS RECOGNIZED THOUGHOUT THE POPULATION.