Growing poverty and increasingly unequal social structures in Mexico. A critical and integrated perspective.
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Abstract
CONEVAL’s official methodology for measuring multidimensional poverty (OMMMP) is critically evaluated, which underestimates poverty, and is contrasted with the LPMM. It is shown that in Mexico: 1) incidence of poverty (h) in 2014 is higher than in 1977; 2) the number of poor (q) between 1992 and 2014 grew both in the LPMM as in the dimensions of income and UBN (Unsatisfied Basic Needs); 3) by removing OMMMP’s word play act to separate 'vulnerable' from 'poor', the deprived population is similar in both methods; 4) there is a big contrast between stagnation of q with one or more social deprivations in OMMMP and the significant growth of q (UBN) in the LPMM; 5) between 2006-2014 not only h, but the intensity (I) of poverty, the equivalent incidence (hi) increased; 6) there were strong changes in the social pyramid: dropsin the proportions of non-poor and of moderately poor populations, and rise in the proportion of extreme poverty; 7) there are strong inequalities between states and between rural, urban and metropolitan settlements.