Social conflicts and human tragedies often highlight the human theories underlying economic theory. During the pandemic and forced lockdowns in many countries, economic life was reduced to the physical space of the home, revealing for many the heart of the public economy as social provisioning—as Aristoteles and Adam Smith identified it centuries ago. Today, the advance of violations against women in the war conflicts and the genocide in Palestine, with the main victims being women and children, points to a philosophical dilemma that also lies at the bottom of every type of economy: are we treating ourselves as humans in terms of equality and social justice —created by nature or by the gods—or as beings differentiated by lines of class, nationality, race, or gender?